Canterbury bells (Campanula medium) are a hardy, long-lived biennial flower that blooms abundantly in the early summer months. Native to Britain and parts of Europe, these beautiful flowers have been cultivated since the 16th century for their vibrant purple or white bell-shaped blooms. With their ease of care and ability to reseed, Canterbury bells are an ideal choice for novice gardeners, or anyone looking to add a splash of color to their backyard.
What are Canterbury Bells?
Canterbury bells (Campanula medium) are a hardy, long-lived biennial flower that is native to Britain and parts of Europe. It has been cultivated since the 16th century for its vibrant purple or white bell-shaped blooms. This flower thrives in mild climates and blooms abundantly in the early summer months. Due to its resilient nature, Canterbury bells are easy to care for and can reseed, making it an ideal choice for novice gardeners.
Description of Canterbury Bells
Appearance
Canterbury bells are relatively low-maintenance flowers that can reach up to 3 feet in height. Their foliage is made up of long, narrow, serrated leaves and they produce clusters of bell-shaped blooms. The flowers come in a variety of colors including deep purple, white, pink, and lavender. Each bloom has five petals and a yellow center with protruding stamens.
Height
Canterbury bells typically reach a height of around 3 feet, but can sometimes grow up to 5 feet tall. They have an upright, bushy form and their foliage consists of long, narrow serrated leaves. The flowers are borne in clusters on strong upright stems that may need staking if grown in windy areas.
Colors
Canterbury bells come in a variety of colors including deep purple, white, pink, and lavender. These bell-shaped blooms have five petals and a yellow center with protruding stamens. The vibrant purple flowers are the most common variety, but some prefer the white or pastel shades for their more subtle look. Whatever your preference, these cheerful flowers are sure to bring a touch of color and life to any outdoor space.
Life cycle
Canterbury bells are biennials, meaning they take two years to complete their life cycle. In the first year of growth, the plant produces a basal rosette of leaves and remains relatively small. During the second year, the plant will grow quickly and produce tall flower stalks with its bell-shaped blooms. After flowering, Canterbury bells will begin to produce seed, which can be collected by gardeners and used for propagation.
Blooming season
Canterbury bells are known for their long-lasting blooms and usually begin to flower in the early summer months. During this time, the plant will produce tall flower stalks with vibrant clusters of bell-shaped flowers. Depending on the variety, the blooms can last up to 8 weeks and attract pollinators like bees and butterflies to your garden. To enjoy the flowers for as long as possible, it’s best to deadhead spent blooms and remove any seed heads.
Growth rate
Canterbury bells are relatively fast-growing plants and can reach a height of up to 3 feet in just two years. During the first year of growth, the plant produces a basal rosette of leaves and remains relatively small. As it matures, Canterbury bells will produce tall flower stalks with vibrant clusters of bell-shaped blooms. The flowers begin to appear in the early summer months and can last up to 8 weeks.
Cultivation of Canterbury Bells
Soil requirements
Canterbury bells are relatively easy to grow and require well-drained soil with a neutral pH, and plenty of sunshine. They are drought tolerant and can handle dry spells but should be watered regularly during periods of extended heat or drought. The soil should be enriched with organic matter or compost prior to planting, as this will help ensure that the plant has adequate nutrition throughout its life cycle.
Water requirements
Canterbury bells are relatively drought tolerant and can handle dry spells, but should be watered regularly during periods of extended heat or drought. They prefer moist soil, so it’s best to water the plant at least once a week, especially during the summer months. The soil should be kept evenly moist but not soggy to prevent root rot or other issues.
Propagation techniques
Use a sharp knife to cut off the stem at the base of the plant. Make sure to remove all of the roots and any excess soil. Place the cutting in a pot with fresh, moist soil and water thoroughly. Keep the planting in a location where it will receive plenty of direct sunlight and keep the soil evenly moist, but not soggy. Once rooted, transplant the plant to a garden bed or larger pot.
Seeds
Canterbury bells produce seeds after flowering, which can be collected by gardeners for propagation purposes. The seeds should be sown directly into the ground in early spring with a spacing of 6 inches apart. They germinate best when soil temperatures reach between 70-80 °F (21-27 °C). Germination typically takes around 10 days, and the plants should be given plenty of sunlight and water to ensure healthy growth.
Cuttings
Cuttings are an easy and effective way to propagate Canterbury bells. To take cuttings, use a sharp knife to cut off the stem at the base of the plant. Make sure to remove all of the roots and any excess soil. Place the cutting in a pot with fresh, moist soil and water thoroughly. Keep the planting in a location where it will receive plenty of direct sunlight and keep the soil evenly moist, but not soggy. Once rooted, transplant the plant to a garden bed or larger pot.
Sunlight requirements
Canterbury bells prefer full sun to partial shade and require at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. They can tolerate some shade but will not bloom as prolifically if planted in shaded areas. For best results, it’s best to plant the Canterbury bells in an area that receives full sun throughout most of the day. Additionally, they should be planted in a location that offers protection from strong winds.
Uses of Canterbury Bells
Ornamental purposes
Canterbury bells are popularly grown for their ornamental purposes. The vibrant clusters of bell-shaped blooms will bring a splash of color to any garden or landscape. The flowers come in a variety of colors, including white, pink, purple and blue. Additionally, the tall flower stalks make for an attractive addition to any garden bed or border. Canterbury bells can also be used in cut flower arrangements.
Medicinal purposes
Canterbury bells have long been used for medicinal purposes. The leaves, flowers and roots contain compounds that are believed to have anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and diuretic properties. Preparations made from the plant can be used to treat a variety of ailments, such as headaches, colds, fever, asthma and digestive issues. Additionally, the plant has been used to induce labor and reduce menstrual pain.
Culinary purposes
Canterbury bells have been used for centuries in traditional cooking and as a flavoring agent. The leaves of the plant can be used fresh or dried to make teas, which have a mildly sweet flavor. The flowers are edible and can be added to salads or used as garnishes for dishes. Additionally, the petals from the flowers can be candied and used as a decorative topping for cakes and cupcakes.
Care and Maintenance of Canterbury Bells
Fertilization
Fertilization is an important part of maintaining healthy Canterbury bells. Fertilize the plants every 2-4 weeks during the growing season using a balanced fertilizer, such as 10-10-10. Be sure to water the plant before and after fertilizing to help the nutrients reach the roots. Additionally, add compost or aged manure to the soil around the plant at least once a year.
Pruning
Pruning is an important part of caring for Canterbury bells. Pruning helps to encourage a fuller, bushier plant with more blooms. To prune the plants, use sharp pruning shears or scissors to remove any dead or damaged stems and leaves. Cut back any long stems that are not in proportion with the rest of the plant and thin out overcrowded areas. Additionally, cut back old blooms to encourage new growth.
Mulching
Mulching is an important part of caring for Canterbury bells. Mulch helps to keep the soil moist and improve drainage, while also suppressing weeds. When mulching, choose a material that will not decompose quickly, such as wood chips or gravel. Spread a 2-3 inch layer of mulch around the base of the plant and avoid piling it against the stems as this can cause rot.
Pests and diseases
Canterbury bells are relatively low-maintenance plants, however, they can be susceptible to certain pests and diseases. Common pests that may affect Canterbury bells include aphids, slugs, whiteflies, thrips and spider mites. These can be controlled using insecticidal soap or neem oil sprays. Additionally, fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and leaf spot can affect the plants. To prevent fungal diseases, avoid over-watering and allow good air circulation around the plants.
Conclusion
Canterbury bells are a popular ornamental plant due to their vibrant bell-shaped blooms and tall flower stalks. These plants bring a splash of color to any garden or landscape. In addition, they have many medicinal and culinary benefits, as the leaves, flowers and roots contain compounds that can be used to treat a variety of ailments.
Canterbury bells can also be used in cut flower arrangements and the petals can be candied and used as a decorative topping for cakes and cupcakes. When caring for Canterbury bells, fertilize every 2-4 weeks during the growing season, prune to encourage a fuller plant with more blooms, mulch to keep the soil moist and improve drainage, and control pests and diseases using insecticidal soap or neem oil sprays.
 are a hardy, long-lived biennial flower that is native to Britain and parts of Europe. It has been cultivated since the 16th century for its vibrant purple or white bell-shaped blooms.){kind=link}